Selling pens

A shop sells pencils at 3 for 45p and pens at 2 for 70p. Sam buys 12 pencils and some pens, and spends £3.90 in total. How many pens does Sam buy?

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  1. Step 1: Find the price of one pencil.
    3 pencils cost 45p, so 1 pencil costs 45p ÷ 3 = 15p.

    Step 2: Find the cost of 12 pencils.
    12 × 15p = 180p (£1.80).

    Step 3: Work out how much was spent on pens.
    Sam spent £3.90 = 390p in total.
    390p − 180p = 210p (£2.10) on pens.

    Step 4: Find the price of one pen.
    2 pens cost 70p, so 1 pen costs 70p ÷ 2 = 35p.

    Step 5: Work out how many pens.
    210p ÷ 35p = 6 pens.

    Check: 180p + (6 × 35p) = 180p + 210p = 390p = £3.90 ✓

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